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| 2. |
- Glad, Wiktoria, et al.
(author)
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Establishment and implementation of new sustainable technology in networks : an analyse of the development of passive house in Sweden
- 2008
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In: Science for Sustainable Development. The Social Challenge with Emphasis on the Conditions for Change. - Uppsala : VHU. ; , s. 141-148
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A passive house may reduce the energy demand for heating in dwellings by 80 percent. So far, Germany has been the main market for the concept, where a limit of 15 kWh per square metre per year has been set for household heating. These buildings are extremely air tight, have thick insulation and rely mainly on passive sources of heating, for example solar heating through window panes and heat surplus from humans and domestic appliances. Since the early 2000's, passive houses have also been established on the Swedish market and this paper shows how this was achieved. Established networks within the building sector became the platform for the implementation of houses incorporating passive houses. An important part of the implementation process was the stakeholders' tactile experiences of the concept. Also, the local urban regime of Göteborg played an important role and provided resources from the municipality, academia and the Göteborg trade and industry. As a consequence, housing companies owned by the municipality were important facilitators for the establishment of passive design in housing.
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| 4. |
- Gyberg, Per, 1971-, et al.
(author)
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Energy choices in households - consumption for sustainability
- 2008
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In: VHU Conference on Science for Sustainable Development,2007. - Uppsala : VHU. ; , s. 141-148
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Consumption has become one of the most crucial factors, or tools, for managing development towards sustainability. Consumption offers different choices on the scale of more or less sustainable commodities. The politics and responsibility for the environment has to a large extent been transferred from an aggregate level of national politics to the world of everyday life. This paper investigates how different actors try to influence the choices made in the world of everyday life concerning energy. The study is conducted through interviews with different actors such as energy companies and municipal energy advisors, and by participating observation of practices where households are informed or educated in areas concerning energy. Another growing source of information and knowledge is, of course, the Internet. A number of different websites have been selected and analyzed in the same manner as other material. There are different ways to motivate households to change their energy behaviour. There is a strong conviction that in order to change behaviour, something must be gained, preferably economic gain. A more efficient way of living results in more money left in the wallet, and a positive side effect is that it is also good for the environment. The idea of efficiency might be the strongest one. Increasing efficiency is a way of not changing lifestyle but changing technical equipment and user routines.
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| 7. |
- Palm, Jenny, 1973-
(author)
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Finding Local Opportunities for energy efficiency in households
- 2009
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In: First European Conference Energy Effeciency and Behaviour. - Haag : Senter Novem. ; , s. 1-19
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Household interest in the environment increased in the 1990s, and environmental protection has been cited as a reason for becoming more energy efficient. However, people’s attitudes concerning sustainable development and their stated willingness to behave in environmentally sustainable ways do not always have affect their actual behavior. Good intentions are not always translated into actual everyday practices. How can this be explained? More importantly, how can this be changed so that good intentions are also implemented in people’s routines? The public policy literature has established the “window of opportunity” concept to discuss how and why ideas must be put into practice at particular times (Kingdon 1984). In relation to planning, Svane (2008) has discussed “situations of opportunity” when sustainable choices can be made. Similarly, I will discuss household energy efficiency in relation to “local opportunities” to act in energy-efficient ways. In what situations do these opportunities occur in households? When is it possible to reach households and help them change their routines and behavior, making them more energy efficient? How can one develop household-directed policy measures that exploit local opportunities for reducing energy use and increasing the implementation of energy-efficiency measures. These general matters will be discussed drawing on material from in-depth interviews with energy consultants and householders in Sweden.
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| 8. |
- Palm, Jenny, 1973-, et al.
(author)
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Home-owners decision-making process when building a new house – a matter of practical, symbolic, and material conditions
- 2009
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- While reports from the International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) suggest that a 50-80 percent reduction of green house gasses needs to be accomplished by 2050 and stresses the need to act swiftly, different kind of actors need to take action. The housing sector accounts for approximately 40 percent of total energy demand in Western European countries, including Sweden, which make energy efficiency a vital issue for the whole sector. This paper focuses on home-owners that within the last three years have built a new house and in this building process faced several energy related issues. Energy use in households is a result of different constructions of the material and the cultural spheres and energy use is interwoven into everyday life. In this study we will discuss not only how households perceive and understand their energy use, but also how they approach energy-related technology and the possibilities they had to enable energy efficient behaviour when deciding on how to design and construct their new house. We will also discuss how municipal policy making and the building constructor’s building standard have been integrated (or not integrated) into the home-owners decision-making process and everyday energy use. The paper is based on in-depth interviews with 17 home-owners, municipal politicians and officials in two Swedish municipalities and the building constructors involved. The paper will discuss how practical, symbolic and material conditions are involved in the home-owners decision-making process when building a house and lessons to be learned about how to approach households.
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| 9. |
- Tengvard, Maria, et al.
(author)
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Adopting small-scale production of electricity
- 2009
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In: eceee 2009 Summer Study. Act! Innovate! Deliver!Reducing energy demand sustainably. Conference proceedings.. - Stockholm : eceee secretariat. - 9789163344541 ; , s. 1705-1713
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In Sweden in 2008, a 'new' concept for small-scale electricity production attracted massive media attention. This was mainly due to the efforts of Swedish company Egen El, which is marketing small-scale photovoltaics (PVs) and wind turbines to households, both homeowners and tenants. Their main selling point is simplicity: their products are so easy to install that everyone can do it. Autumn 2008 also saw IKEA announce that within three years it would market solar panels. How, then, do households perceive these products? Why would households choose to buy them? How do households think about producing their own electricity? Analysis of material based on in-depth interviews with members of 20 households reveals that environmental concerns supply the main motive for adopting PVs or micro wind power generation. In some cases, the adopting households have an extensively ecological lifestyle and such adoption represents a way to take action in the energy area. For some, this investment is symbolic: a way of displaying environmental consciousness or setting an example to others. For still others, the adoption is a protest against 'the system' with its large dominant actors or is a way to become self-sufficient. These microgeneration installations are rejected mainly on economic grounds; other motives are respect for neighbours and difficulties finding a place to install a wind turbine.
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| 10. |
- Palm, Jenny, 1973-
(author)
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Living in a passive house – how comfortable is that? A comparison of tenants living in passive houses and tenants living in district heated houses
- 2010
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This paper will present a case study of semi-detached apartment houses in Linköping, Sweden. Nine apartments have been constructed according to the Swedish passive house standard. Another 30 standard apartments have also been built in the area. The passive and the standard houses are of the same size and design. This paper focuses on the experience from the householders living in these apartments. We have interviewed households in the passive houses and in the conventional houses two-three times. The first interviews were done in February 2009 and the last in Mars 2010. The aim with this paper is to analyze the tenants’ experiences of living in the passive houses compared with living in the regular houses and what problems and opportunities they experienced during a year. From the households experiences of the summer we can notice that the passive houses and the conventional houses shared similar experiences. Tenants from both groups complained over the hot summer which led to high indoor temperature. Then, the winter became unusual cold and both groups had experienced remarkable many problems with the ventilation and heating systems. All households had to learn how the indoor temperature varied between different rooms, from where there was draught and how to decrease or increase the indoor temperature. The cold winter was a bigger problem for the households in the passive houses because it was more difficult for them to quickly warm up the apartment. The passive houses are however connected to the district heating system for additional heating cold winter days and the one household that thought they had had a pleasant indoor temperature had used the district heating system constantly. To live in passive houses requires the householders to learn and be familiar with the special feature of the house. But as seen here, the same holds for all kind of houses and the focus on all the special skills that households in passive houses need to have might only lead to that the diffusion of the concept is delayed.
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